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About IntegrIT and engineering
On April 20, 2012, the material was prepared
by the IntegrIT Electronics Media Group, perhaps the only Russian company working with Tensilica. However, there is nothing surprising in this – IntegrIT products are no less unique and beautiful in their own way.
Alexey Nazarov, Technical Director, and Dmitry Paroshin, General Director, talk about the company.
— Please tell us about the history of the company's creation.
— D. P. IntegrIT Engineering Company was established in 2006. We develop key software components of telecommunication equipment. The central elements of any modern telecommunications device, whether it is an IP phone, VoIP gateway, digital radio station or mobile phone, are the processor node and the software for it that implements the basic functionality of the device. We develop software for commercial equipment that must be compatible with the relevant standards and with equipment from other manufacturers. As a rule, manufacturing companies are exclusively engaged in the production and support of the product line themselves, without having the resources to conduct full-scale development, testing and support of VoIP software or radio communication equipment. As a result, there is a market for suppliers of ready-made software components, in which we successfully operate. I emphasize that we are an engineering, not an outsourcing company. It is fundamentally important for us to preserve the rights to all the intellectual property we have created. Thanks to this, our software products are constantly being developed, improved and improved. Our customers, telecommunications companies, are experiencing the crisis well, apparently due to the fact that telecom and radio communications are strategically important industries for any state.
— You work in the multimedia and telecom market. Describe him. Who are IntegrIT's closest competitors in the Russian market?
— A. N. An important process has begun in the market today – the division of labor. Companies are slowly abandoning the do-it-yourself principle. This crucial step reduces the time to market for a product and helps companies focus on the production of the final product, rather than on the development process. All of the above creates a workable ecosystem in the industry – the processes of production, implementation, installation/services and development are separated.
In a sense, IntegrIT occupies an exceptional position – we are one of the few companies that create off-the-shelf software products for software embedded in customer products. Many companies create software for Intel-compatible Linux/Windows systems, but we are focused on developing cross-platform software. It can be used in a wide range of processors: from ARM to the most productive TI – C66x processors and on a wide variety of operating systems (OS), including real-time OS.
— We have few Russian competitors, because like most companies, we develop SDR and VoIP systems for use in our own products. We also offer ready-made solutions that our customers can easily integrate into their equipment, ensuring interoperability, speed of implementation and high productivity.
— D. P. The Russian market is at the stage of formation. The number of Russian customers who understand that it is better to purchase a ready-made and well-debugged component than to spend more than one year on development with a dubious result is gradually growing. This is a good sign, and we hope for an increase in Russian orders in the future. We have practically no Russian competitors due to the specificity of the business – the market is closed, there is no information about who is doing what.
— List the world market leaders in those applications where IntegrIT works.
— A. N. The competitive situation in each market segment is different. In the field of components for high-performance signal processing, there are practically no companies that supply cross-platform tools. For example, Texas Instruments supplies DSPLIB and IQMATH for its DSP, and Analog Devices and CEVA do the same. These manufacturers do not create cross-platform software in order not to lose customers who have chosen their processors. In this sense, we are an exception, because we do not bind customers to a specific DSP and simplify software migration to various hardware platforms.
In the field of SDR, there is a very narrow range of ready–made software suppliers - for example, MimoOn or EtherStack companies. But they are focused primarily on the giants of the industry. These companies offer solutions whose cost is prohibitive for medium-sized manufacturers with production volumes of several thousand products per year. And our solutions are available to such companies and allow them to move to a new technological level.
VoIP components are supplied by several dozen companies. There are both commercial companies on the market – Adaptive Digital, Global IP Solutions, and large research centers, for example, IIS. There is a strong pressure on the market for open source solutions, which, despite their lower quality, attract consumers with the illusion of cheapness. However, the needs of the market allow each company to find its niche, and each consumer can choose the best conditions for price, quality, licensing scheme, etc.
— Is government order predominant in the company's turnover, or are you more focused on the open market?
— A. N. We do not work directly with the state order, but some of our customers carry out work on it, involving us as subcontractors. IntegrIT, unlike many foreign embedded software vendors, offers access to source codes for such customers, which is a significant advantage.
— D. P. We do not work with government orders, because we are focused on the international market and work with customers according to market laws, when there are American, Indian, and Chinese competitors around us. The winner is the one with better product quality, good support, and more flexible licensing conditions.
— What was the last year like for the company? What do you expect in 2012?
— A. N. We have seen a serious increase in the number of orders since the autumn of last year, which is probably due to the effect of post-crisis deferred demand. This applies to both Russian and foreign orders.
— D. P. In general, our company has survived the economic crisis quite calmly. This is most likely the specificity of our market. We create key software and work closely with the customer's development departments, which are the "heart of the company". For serious companies, stopping the development of new products is tantamount to losing, so even in a crisis, money is allocated for development.
— Highlight some of the most significant events (business, engineering, technology, science) in the Russian and international electronics markets in 2011.
— D. P. For us, the most significant event in 2011 was the entry into the Skolkovo innograd. We have high hopes for Skolkovo, first of all, not because of grants and tax benefits. We hope that Skolkovo will consolidate our society and root in the minds of officials and young talented people the necessity and usefulness of the existence of a local Russian ecosystem that unites and consolidates all sectors of the economy – technological, industrial, financial. Without such ecosystems, the creation of modern competitive products is impossible.
— Tell us about the company's products. How does it differ from competitors, what is the "highlight"?
— A. N. Our company offers software for three different segments. The first one is VoIP. We have developed a powerful cross-platform engine for VoIP systems that supports a wide range of codecs, conferencing, and multi-microphone echo/noise reduction. At the same time, it is ported to the most common ARM family processors (9e, 11, A8, M4, OMAP, etc.) and runs on iOS, Android, Linux, WinMobile. It also works on stationary systems with Windows, macOS, and in the case of the most productive systems, options are offered for working with C64xx and C66xx processors from TI.
The second segment is SDR. We offer manufacturers of VHF radio stations the opportunity to convert them to digital, i.e. transfer them from analog speech transmission standards to modern APCO P25 and DMR standards. This is, in fact, a unique offer in our market, as it allows companies to release a new generation of radio equipment that competes with products from Motorola, Yaesu and other world leaders.
The third segment is the supply of cross–platform components for high-performance signal processing NatureDSP. They also support a number of processors already mentioned, but it should be especially noted that they are supplied, including for processor cores D2, HiFi2, HiFi3, VectraLX, BBE16 from Tensilica. These libraries are included in Tensilica's Xtensa development kit.
— List the most interesting completed projects.
— D. P. Last year, our CrystalSpeech VoIP engine was licensed by an American company to create an HD video conferencing service. Another example is for a foreign provider of mobile VoIP services based on CrystalSpeech, a multi–channel media transcoder has been developed for transcoding RTP streams and VoIP gateway to PSTN. Another interesting example: Norwegian Zenitel, a manufacturer of professional communication equipment, uses our CrystalSpeech engine in its industrial IP stations. Soon we will officially announce the use of our engine in products from such a well-known manufacturer as the German Baudisch. We can't wait for Russian manufacturers to appear who are able to compete with them and create advanced VoIP communication devices.
An interesting application of our solutions was found by Tripleton, the European developer of the Enigma E2 GSM cryptophone, which uses INTEGRIT solutions for acoustic echo compensation.
As you can see, our solutions are used in a wide variety of applications and are able to scale depending on the capabilities of the hardware platform and the customer's wishes.
— Name the most famous major customers or partners of your company in the Russian and foreign markets.
— D. P. In the foreign market, one of our largest customers is Marvell. We supply VoIP solutions for the Marvell Kirkwood and Marvell ARMADA cores. Since Marvell only works directly with first-tier companies, our VoIP solutions are also directly delivered to customers of this company. Such cooperation allows us to significantly improve the quality of our VoIP.
Another big customer is Tensilica. For example, Tensilica supplies our NatureDSP mathematical libraries to customers as part of the development tools for its kernels in source codes. They can use our highly optimized features to reduce the development time of their applications. The "highlight" of these libraries lies in their practical orientation and ease of use in the implementation of modern communication standards – WiMAX, LTE and others. In the NatureDSP libraries, we used all our experience and knowledge in the field of radio communications, which determined their success.
IntegrIT solutions in the field of SDR are in great demand on the Russian market – these are the implementations of modern trunk communication standards APCO P25 (FDMA) and DMR (TDM). By providing software solutions, we help local manufacturers of radio communication equipment to make good trunk radios. We help our customers develop digital and RF modules, integrate them into their hardware platform, and help them pass field tests.
— IntegrIT is one of the few, if not the only, Russian companies working with Tensilica. Why is this company not very popular in Russia?
— A. N. I think that Tensilica products are still little known only because many have not yet fully realized the importance of the division of labor. In addition, Russian companies produce almost nothing for the consumer market, in which such factors as time to market, cost reduction, improvement of the most important characteristics of products – energy consumption, prices, etc. are extremely important.
Tensilica products contain a whole handful of highlights. Firstly, many of the cores, such as D2 or Hi-Fi2, consist of a small number of transistors and have high performance. This makes it possible to produce crystals with very low energy consumption with a small area occupied by the core – on the order of 0.05 mm2.
Secondly, cores are produced that have a uniquely high performance with very low consumption and a small area. For example, the BBE16 core is capable of performing up to 16 MAC operations per clock cycle, and for special applications, for example, in the preamble detection mode of a typical wireless standard, up to 64!!
Thirdly, Tensilica supplies its cores with excellent tools with an optimizing C/C++ compiler, which greatly simplify the development and testing of software for the entire line of their processors. Fourth, you can not only configure the core (respectively, minimizing the area on the chip), removing certain parts of it, but also write an additional set of instructions for this core, specific specifically for your application! This gives you a unique opportunity to protect your program code and chips from copying.
— D.P. The Tensilica core configuration process is designed in such a way that even the company itself will not be able to find out what you have changed in it and what instructions you have added. This is just a godsend for the Russian military-industrial complex. The creation of a modern Russian DSP processor is easily solved by relatively inexpensive licensing of the Tensilica core and crystal production at Russian enterprises. In the list of Tensilica's clients, you can find all the world's famous electronics manufacturers from all over the world – and none from Russia!
We believe that the use of ready-made cores in the design of crystals can significantly reduce the labor costs of their development. Of course, writing software in the C language, in comparison with designing in VHDL, provides greater opportunities, the implementation of algorithmically more complex blocks, deeper software verification and, as a result, better quality of the chips produced. As Tensilica partners, we offer ready-made blocks for building specific applications or adapt the libraries we supply to the applications of manufacturers of certain crystals.
— Is IntegrIT focused on the Russian or foreign markets?
— A. N. We have advantages that are important for both Russian and foreign customers. We believe that the Russian market of services that we provide will grow significantly with the entry of our companies into consumer markets and mass production of communication equipment.
— D. P. We were initially focused on the foreign market and continue to focus on it. However, we are now seeing a rise in production in Russia and hope that the portfolio of Russian orders will increase.
— Do you have an idea about the near future of the company, say in 3-5 years?
— D. P. Our ideal has always been to create an engineering company working at the very edge of applied science and technology. We live in an interesting time, we have a lot of ideas, and we are successfully moving along this path.
— Many Russian companies complain about the problem with personnel, but how are things with you?
— A. N. We are not complaining, but we have to agree that the quality of university graduates is constantly decreasing, their demands are growing, while their qualifications often leave much to be desired. This creates problems in the competitive foreign market. For example, companies' employee costs in Moscow are approaching the European level and have exceeded costs in Israel, Korea and other countries. Therefore, we solve this problem in two ways: by organizing the development process, focusing on complex products, and hiring highly qualified employees.
— D. P. Within the company, we cultivate a democratic and free working atmosphere, assuming the high responsibility of each employee and respecting his ability to independently divide working time and personal time. We do everything to make employees enjoy working with us. This creates a creative atmosphere in the team and, of course, contributes to the development of each member and the creation of high-quality software.
— Today, many people talk about Russia's technological security, but the wording of this concept is somewhat ... vague. Please give your definition of technological safety. Are there any countries that have managed to provide it?
— A. N. Technological safety is not a vague term. This is a complex concept with a wide scope. It is practically impossible to ensure the full technological security of a particular country in the presence of a broad international division of labor and the desire to integrate their companies into the international market. However, there is already a contradiction in the very concept of technological security – it is unlikely that it can be an end in itself. Rather, such a goal may lead the industry down the path of isolation.
Nevertheless, there are important technological milestones that must be passed in each country if it is to claim leadership. At the same time, it is important not that one company has some unique technology, but that dozens of companies operate at an advanced technological level. It seems to me that there is nothing terrible that this technological edge is achieved not from scratch, but by licensing solutions from Tensilica and other similar companies. Of course, Russian enterprises should be able to produce high-tech chips, owning both the topology and the software for these chips.
by the IntegrIT Electronics Media Group, perhaps the only Russian company working with Tensilica. However, there is nothing surprising in this – IntegrIT products are no less unique and beautiful in their own way.
Alexey Nazarov, Technical Director, and Dmitry Paroshin, General Director, talk about the company.
— Please tell us about the history of the company's creation.
— D. P. IntegrIT Engineering Company was established in 2006. We develop key software components of telecommunication equipment. The central elements of any modern telecommunications device, whether it is an IP phone, VoIP gateway, digital radio station or mobile phone, are the processor node and the software for it that implements the basic functionality of the device. We develop software for commercial equipment that must be compatible with the relevant standards and with equipment from other manufacturers. As a rule, manufacturing companies are exclusively engaged in the production and support of the product line themselves, without having the resources to conduct full-scale development, testing and support of VoIP software or radio communication equipment. As a result, there is a market for suppliers of ready-made software components, in which we successfully operate. I emphasize that we are an engineering, not an outsourcing company. It is fundamentally important for us to preserve the rights to all the intellectual property we have created. Thanks to this, our software products are constantly being developed, improved and improved. Our customers, telecommunications companies, are experiencing the crisis well, apparently due to the fact that telecom and radio communications are strategically important industries for any state.
— You work in the multimedia and telecom market. Describe him. Who are IntegrIT's closest competitors in the Russian market?
— A. N. An important process has begun in the market today – the division of labor. Companies are slowly abandoning the do-it-yourself principle. This crucial step reduces the time to market for a product and helps companies focus on the production of the final product, rather than on the development process. All of the above creates a workable ecosystem in the industry – the processes of production, implementation, installation/services and development are separated.
In a sense, IntegrIT occupies an exceptional position – we are one of the few companies that create off-the-shelf software products for software embedded in customer products. Many companies create software for Intel-compatible Linux/Windows systems, but we are focused on developing cross-platform software. It can be used in a wide range of processors: from ARM to the most productive TI – C66x processors and on a wide variety of operating systems (OS), including real-time OS.
— We have few Russian competitors, because like most companies, we develop SDR and VoIP systems for use in our own products. We also offer ready-made solutions that our customers can easily integrate into their equipment, ensuring interoperability, speed of implementation and high productivity.
— D. P. The Russian market is at the stage of formation. The number of Russian customers who understand that it is better to purchase a ready-made and well-debugged component than to spend more than one year on development with a dubious result is gradually growing. This is a good sign, and we hope for an increase in Russian orders in the future. We have practically no Russian competitors due to the specificity of the business – the market is closed, there is no information about who is doing what.
— List the world market leaders in those applications where IntegrIT works.
— A. N. The competitive situation in each market segment is different. In the field of components for high-performance signal processing, there are practically no companies that supply cross-platform tools. For example, Texas Instruments supplies DSPLIB and IQMATH for its DSP, and Analog Devices and CEVA do the same. These manufacturers do not create cross-platform software in order not to lose customers who have chosen their processors. In this sense, we are an exception, because we do not bind customers to a specific DSP and simplify software migration to various hardware platforms.
In the field of SDR, there is a very narrow range of ready–made software suppliers - for example, MimoOn or EtherStack companies. But they are focused primarily on the giants of the industry. These companies offer solutions whose cost is prohibitive for medium-sized manufacturers with production volumes of several thousand products per year. And our solutions are available to such companies and allow them to move to a new technological level.
VoIP components are supplied by several dozen companies. There are both commercial companies on the market – Adaptive Digital, Global IP Solutions, and large research centers, for example, IIS. There is a strong pressure on the market for open source solutions, which, despite their lower quality, attract consumers with the illusion of cheapness. However, the needs of the market allow each company to find its niche, and each consumer can choose the best conditions for price, quality, licensing scheme, etc.
— Is government order predominant in the company's turnover, or are you more focused on the open market?
— A. N. We do not work directly with the state order, but some of our customers carry out work on it, involving us as subcontractors. IntegrIT, unlike many foreign embedded software vendors, offers access to source codes for such customers, which is a significant advantage.
— D. P. We do not work with government orders, because we are focused on the international market and work with customers according to market laws, when there are American, Indian, and Chinese competitors around us. The winner is the one with better product quality, good support, and more flexible licensing conditions.
— What was the last year like for the company? What do you expect in 2012?
— A. N. We have seen a serious increase in the number of orders since the autumn of last year, which is probably due to the effect of post-crisis deferred demand. This applies to both Russian and foreign orders.
— D. P. In general, our company has survived the economic crisis quite calmly. This is most likely the specificity of our market. We create key software and work closely with the customer's development departments, which are the "heart of the company". For serious companies, stopping the development of new products is tantamount to losing, so even in a crisis, money is allocated for development.
— Highlight some of the most significant events (business, engineering, technology, science) in the Russian and international electronics markets in 2011.
— D. P. For us, the most significant event in 2011 was the entry into the Skolkovo innograd. We have high hopes for Skolkovo, first of all, not because of grants and tax benefits. We hope that Skolkovo will consolidate our society and root in the minds of officials and young talented people the necessity and usefulness of the existence of a local Russian ecosystem that unites and consolidates all sectors of the economy – technological, industrial, financial. Without such ecosystems, the creation of modern competitive products is impossible.
— Tell us about the company's products. How does it differ from competitors, what is the "highlight"?
— A. N. Our company offers software for three different segments. The first one is VoIP. We have developed a powerful cross-platform engine for VoIP systems that supports a wide range of codecs, conferencing, and multi-microphone echo/noise reduction. At the same time, it is ported to the most common ARM family processors (9e, 11, A8, M4, OMAP, etc.) and runs on iOS, Android, Linux, WinMobile. It also works on stationary systems with Windows, macOS, and in the case of the most productive systems, options are offered for working with C64xx and C66xx processors from TI.
The second segment is SDR. We offer manufacturers of VHF radio stations the opportunity to convert them to digital, i.e. transfer them from analog speech transmission standards to modern APCO P25 and DMR standards. This is, in fact, a unique offer in our market, as it allows companies to release a new generation of radio equipment that competes with products from Motorola, Yaesu and other world leaders.
The third segment is the supply of cross–platform components for high-performance signal processing NatureDSP. They also support a number of processors already mentioned, but it should be especially noted that they are supplied, including for processor cores D2, HiFi2, HiFi3, VectraLX, BBE16 from Tensilica. These libraries are included in Tensilica's Xtensa development kit.
— List the most interesting completed projects.
— D. P. Last year, our CrystalSpeech VoIP engine was licensed by an American company to create an HD video conferencing service. Another example is for a foreign provider of mobile VoIP services based on CrystalSpeech, a multi–channel media transcoder has been developed for transcoding RTP streams and VoIP gateway to PSTN. Another interesting example: Norwegian Zenitel, a manufacturer of professional communication equipment, uses our CrystalSpeech engine in its industrial IP stations. Soon we will officially announce the use of our engine in products from such a well-known manufacturer as the German Baudisch. We can't wait for Russian manufacturers to appear who are able to compete with them and create advanced VoIP communication devices.
An interesting application of our solutions was found by Tripleton, the European developer of the Enigma E2 GSM cryptophone, which uses INTEGRIT solutions for acoustic echo compensation.
As you can see, our solutions are used in a wide variety of applications and are able to scale depending on the capabilities of the hardware platform and the customer's wishes.
— Name the most famous major customers or partners of your company in the Russian and foreign markets.
— D. P. In the foreign market, one of our largest customers is Marvell. We supply VoIP solutions for the Marvell Kirkwood and Marvell ARMADA cores. Since Marvell only works directly with first-tier companies, our VoIP solutions are also directly delivered to customers of this company. Such cooperation allows us to significantly improve the quality of our VoIP.
Another big customer is Tensilica. For example, Tensilica supplies our NatureDSP mathematical libraries to customers as part of the development tools for its kernels in source codes. They can use our highly optimized features to reduce the development time of their applications. The "highlight" of these libraries lies in their practical orientation and ease of use in the implementation of modern communication standards – WiMAX, LTE and others. In the NatureDSP libraries, we used all our experience and knowledge in the field of radio communications, which determined their success.
IntegrIT solutions in the field of SDR are in great demand on the Russian market – these are the implementations of modern trunk communication standards APCO P25 (FDMA) and DMR (TDM). By providing software solutions, we help local manufacturers of radio communication equipment to make good trunk radios. We help our customers develop digital and RF modules, integrate them into their hardware platform, and help them pass field tests.
— IntegrIT is one of the few, if not the only, Russian companies working with Tensilica. Why is this company not very popular in Russia?
— A. N. I think that Tensilica products are still little known only because many have not yet fully realized the importance of the division of labor. In addition, Russian companies produce almost nothing for the consumer market, in which such factors as time to market, cost reduction, improvement of the most important characteristics of products – energy consumption, prices, etc. are extremely important.
Tensilica products contain a whole handful of highlights. Firstly, many of the cores, such as D2 or Hi-Fi2, consist of a small number of transistors and have high performance. This makes it possible to produce crystals with very low energy consumption with a small area occupied by the core – on the order of 0.05 mm2.
Secondly, cores are produced that have a uniquely high performance with very low consumption and a small area. For example, the BBE16 core is capable of performing up to 16 MAC operations per clock cycle, and for special applications, for example, in the preamble detection mode of a typical wireless standard, up to 64!!
Thirdly, Tensilica supplies its cores with excellent tools with an optimizing C/C++ compiler, which greatly simplify the development and testing of software for the entire line of their processors. Fourth, you can not only configure the core (respectively, minimizing the area on the chip), removing certain parts of it, but also write an additional set of instructions for this core, specific specifically for your application! This gives you a unique opportunity to protect your program code and chips from copying.
— D.P. The Tensilica core configuration process is designed in such a way that even the company itself will not be able to find out what you have changed in it and what instructions you have added. This is just a godsend for the Russian military-industrial complex. The creation of a modern Russian DSP processor is easily solved by relatively inexpensive licensing of the Tensilica core and crystal production at Russian enterprises. In the list of Tensilica's clients, you can find all the world's famous electronics manufacturers from all over the world – and none from Russia!
We believe that the use of ready-made cores in the design of crystals can significantly reduce the labor costs of their development. Of course, writing software in the C language, in comparison with designing in VHDL, provides greater opportunities, the implementation of algorithmically more complex blocks, deeper software verification and, as a result, better quality of the chips produced. As Tensilica partners, we offer ready-made blocks for building specific applications or adapt the libraries we supply to the applications of manufacturers of certain crystals.
— Is IntegrIT focused on the Russian or foreign markets?
— A. N. We have advantages that are important for both Russian and foreign customers. We believe that the Russian market of services that we provide will grow significantly with the entry of our companies into consumer markets and mass production of communication equipment.
— D. P. We were initially focused on the foreign market and continue to focus on it. However, we are now seeing a rise in production in Russia and hope that the portfolio of Russian orders will increase.
— Do you have an idea about the near future of the company, say in 3-5 years?
— D. P. Our ideal has always been to create an engineering company working at the very edge of applied science and technology. We live in an interesting time, we have a lot of ideas, and we are successfully moving along this path.
— Many Russian companies complain about the problem with personnel, but how are things with you?
— A. N. We are not complaining, but we have to agree that the quality of university graduates is constantly decreasing, their demands are growing, while their qualifications often leave much to be desired. This creates problems in the competitive foreign market. For example, companies' employee costs in Moscow are approaching the European level and have exceeded costs in Israel, Korea and other countries. Therefore, we solve this problem in two ways: by organizing the development process, focusing on complex products, and hiring highly qualified employees.
— D. P. Within the company, we cultivate a democratic and free working atmosphere, assuming the high responsibility of each employee and respecting his ability to independently divide working time and personal time. We do everything to make employees enjoy working with us. This creates a creative atmosphere in the team and, of course, contributes to the development of each member and the creation of high-quality software.
— Today, many people talk about Russia's technological security, but the wording of this concept is somewhat ... vague. Please give your definition of technological safety. Are there any countries that have managed to provide it?
— A. N. Technological safety is not a vague term. This is a complex concept with a wide scope. It is practically impossible to ensure the full technological security of a particular country in the presence of a broad international division of labor and the desire to integrate their companies into the international market. However, there is already a contradiction in the very concept of technological security – it is unlikely that it can be an end in itself. Rather, such a goal may lead the industry down the path of isolation.
Nevertheless, there are important technological milestones that must be passed in each country if it is to claim leadership. At the same time, it is important not that one company has some unique technology, but that dozens of companies operate at an advanced technological level. It seems to me that there is nothing terrible that this technological edge is achieved not from scratch, but by licensing solutions from Tensilica and other similar companies. Of course, Russian enterprises should be able to produce high-tech chips, owning both the topology and the software for these chips.
